Different string functions in SQL-Part 1
Different string functions in SQL
ASCII:
Return the ASCII numeric value of the leftmost character of a string
Since, Ascii value starts from 65, Ascii value of A is 65, B is 66 and hence K is 75
CHAR:
It’s a reverse of the ASCII function as it changes a numeric value into an ASCII character
Can also be used to generate character for hexadecimalvalue as shown below
SELECT CHAR(CAST(0x44 as int))
Hexadecimal ox44 is equal to decimal value 68 and so, above query returns output as D
CHARINDEX
Returns the starting point of the first occurrence of one string of characters within another string
A value of 0 is returned if the string is not found.
CHARINDEX does not take into account whether the strings are upper or lower
DATALENGTH (): returns the number of bytes used to manage a value
Since each character take 1 bytes, above string takes 7 bytes in total.
Since float variables takes 8 bytes of storage, above query returns data length as 8.
DIFFERENCE ():
It’s a Wrapper around two SOUNDEX() function calls and some business logic to compare the values between two strings. It returns the integer in a scale from 0 to 4, where the value 4 indicates a very close or exact match.
Most of the time, it returns the matched number of characters between two string as the resultant output. Mostly, used to find out string sounds similar to another string
LEFT:
Return a number of characters from the left-hand side of a string, counting characters to the right
LEN ():
Returns the length of a string as an integer value
LOWER:
Convert all characters within the string to lower case
LTRIM:
Removes leading spaces from a string or trim the white space on the left of the string
As seen above, blank spaces are removed from the beginning of the string in the output
NCHAR:
Returns a Unicode character representing the number passed as a parameter,
Difference between Char and nchar function is that nchar will get Unicode character for integer greater than 255 too whereas char will return null for integer greater than 255. The other diff is that nchar output will take 2 byte of storage space whereas char result will take only 1 byte of storage space
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